- Equator, officially republic of the Equator, country of the northwest of South America, lined by Colombia in the northeast, by Peru in the East and in the South, and by Pacific Ocean on the West. The country also ncludes the archipelago of Galápagos, situated in the Pacific, in about 965 km on the West of the continent. This country, of which the capital is Quito, was baptized so because the equator crosses it; the surface is of 283 561 km2.
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