- Republic of Tadjikistan, country of Central Asia, limited on the West and to the North by Uzbekistan, to the North by Kirghizistan, in the East by China and to the South by Pakistan and Afghanistan. The ancient soviet socialist Republic of the Tajiks ( RSS) within the framework of the USSR, Tadjikistan is independent since 1991. The autonomous republic of Gorno-Badakhchan is situated in the southeast part of the country, of which it occupies about 44 p. 100 of the territory (63 700 km2). Tadjikistan is an extremely mountainous region. The surface is of 143 100 km2. Its capital and main city is Dushanbe.
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