- Poland (in Polish, Polska), officially, republic of Poland, country of central Europe, limited to the North by the Baltic Sea and Russia (Kaliningrad's triangle), in the East by Lithuania, Byelorussia and Ukraine, in the South by the Czech Republic and Slovakia, on the West by Germany. The surface of the country is of 312 683 km2. The capital is Warsaw. Poland was the first country of the block of the East to endow, in 1989 , of a liberal government, after forty two years of communist regime.
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