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- The Arabic countries and the Arabic-speaking countries are a part of the Arabic League, the association of independent States about which the peoples or the states speak or use Arabic language almost as the French-speaking world. The purpose is to strengthen links between States members, to coordinate their politics and to promote their public interests.
Members
The Arabic League was based in Cairo on March 22, 1945 by Egypt, Iraq, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Transjordan (become Jordan in 1950) and the north Yemen. The other countries adhered to it afterward: Libya ( 1953 ), Sudan ( 1956 ), Morocco and Tunisia ( 1958 ), Al Kuwait ( 1961 ), Algeria ( 1962 ), the south Yemen ( 1967 ), Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and Arabic Emirats ( 1971 ), Maurinania ( 1973 ), Somalia ( 1974 ), Djibouti ( 1977 ) and the Comoro Islands ( 1993 ). The Organization of liberation of Palestine ( OLP) was admitted there as separate member in 1976.
In 1979, the participation of Egypt is suspended after it signed Camp David agreements (in September 17, 1978) with the State of Israel, and the seat of the League is transferred from Cairo to Tunis. But, in 1987 , at the top of Amman, the Arabic leaders decide to retie their diplomatic relations with Egypt, it is reinstated within the organization in 1989. The seat of the League gets back then to the Egyptian capital. In 1990-1991, crisis between Iraq and Al Kuwait then war of the Bay weakened a lot the League.
Structure
The supreme organ of the League is a council formed by States members, which arrange each of a voice. All the States members have by the decisions of the advice taken unanimously. Decisions voted with the simple majority are applicable only by the States which accepted them. Advice meets twice a year, in March and in September. It can be summoned to the express demand of two States members, if necessary. The General Secretary, elected with a two-thirds majority, administers the administrative and financial desks which constitute the post of Secretary-General, divided into fourteen sections relative to various political, social and legal questions. The specialized agencies affiliated to the League understand(include) the organization of the Arabic League for the education, the science and the culture, and the organization of the Arabic League for the work.
History
The idea to form a league between countries Arabic-speaking goes back up in 1943 and emanates from the Egyptian government of time. Egypt and the other certain Arabic countries wished to establish among them a more narrow cooperation which does not however carry(wear) damage in the sovereign power of every State as in a total union. The essential charter of the League foresaw the creation of a regional organization of independent States which was neither an union nor an union. Among the purposes represented commitment in favour of the entry in the independence of all the Arabic peoples and Arabic-speaking under foreign dominion and fight against any attempt of creation of a national home for the Jewish minority in Palestine (then under mandate). It was foreseen that the members of the League form an advice of defence common, an economic advice and a permanent military command.
Activities
The Arabic League centres its political, economic, cultural and social programs on the promotion of the interests of States members. The organization is of use of forum to its members to coordinate their politics, to deliberate on questions of public interest, to limit and to settle Arabic conflicts and Arabic-speaking as Lebanese civil wars of 1958 and 1975-1976. The League was of use of frame to the sketch and to the definitive adoption of all the reference texts intended to promote economic integration between its members, as for example the creation of the charter of the common Arabic league for the economic action, which defines the principles of the economic activities of the League (Bank of Arabic development, on 1959; Arabic Common market, on 1965). It also played a dominating role in the establishment of school programs and for the conservation of manuscripts and Arabic cultural inheritance. The organization threw campaigns of elimination of illiteracy, reproduces intellectual works and translates the scientific terminology and the modern technique in aid of States members. It encourages measures against the crime and the drug and is interested in the Labour Law, in particular in that of the Arabic employees or country Arabic-speaking immigrant. The League favors cultural exchanges between its members and supports programs concerning youth and sports. It works also at the promotion of the role of the (wife) and the improvement of the status of the childhood in the Arabic societies and Arabic-speaking.
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